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Hamlet -Synopsis:
On the guards’ platform at Elsinore, Horatio waits with Barnardo and Marcellus to question a ghost that has twice before appeared. The Ghost, in the form of the late King Hamlet of Denmark, appears but will not speak. Horatio decides to tell his fellow student, Prince Hamlet, about the Ghost’s appearance.
Enter Barnardo and Francisco, two sentinels.BARNARDO 0001 Who’s there?
FRANCISCO
0002 Nay, answer me. Stand and unfold yourself.
BARNARDO 0003 Long live the King!
FRANCISCO 0004 Barnardo?
BARNARDO 0005 5He.
FRANCISCO
0006 You come most carefully upon your hour.
BARNARDO
0007 ’Tis now struck twelve. Get thee to bed, Francisco.
FRANCISCO
0008 For this relief much thanks. ’Tis bitter cold,
0009 And I am sick at heart.
BARNARDO 0010 10Have you had quiet guard?
FRANCISCO 0011 Not a mouse stirring.
BARNARDO 0012 Well, good night.
0013 If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus,
0014 The rivals of my watch, bid them make haste.
Enter Horatio and Marcellus.
FRANCISCO
0015 15 I think I hear them.—Stand ho! Who is there?
HORATIO 0016 Friends to this ground.
FRANCISCO 0018 Give you good night.
MARCELLUS
0019 O farewell, honest ⟨soldier.⟩ Who hath relieved
0020 20 you?
FRANCISCO
0021 Barnardo hath my place. Give you good night.
Francisco exits.
MARCELLUS 0022 Holla, Barnardo.
BARNARDO 0023 Say, what, is Horatio there?
HORATIO 0024 A piece of him.
BARNARDO
0025 25 Welcome, Horatio.—Welcome, good Marcellus.
HORATIO
0026 What, has this thing appeared again tonight?
BARNARDO 0027 I have seen nothing.
MARCELLUS
0028 Horatio says ’tis but our fantasy
0029 And will not let belief take hold of him
0030 30 Touching this dreaded sight twice seen of us.
0031 Therefore I have entreated him along
0032 With us to watch the minutes of this night,
0033 That, if again this apparition come,
0034 He may approve our eyes and speak to it.
HORATIO
0035 35 Tush, tush, ’twill not appear.
BARNARDO 0036 Sit down awhile,
0037 And let us once again assail your ears,
0038 That are so fortified against our story,
0039 What we have two nights seen.
HORATIO 0040 40 Well, sit we down,
0041 And let us hear Barnardo speak of this.
BARNARDO 0042 Last night of all,
0043 When yond same star that’s westward from the pole
0044 Had made his course t’ illume that part of heaven
0045 45 Where now it burns, Marcellus and myself,
0046 The bell then beating one—
MARCELLUS
0047 Peace, break thee off! Look where it comes again.
BARNARDO
0048 In the same figure like the King that’s dead.
MARCELLUS, ⌜to Horatio⌝
0049 Thou art a scholar. Speak to it, Horatio.
BARNARDO
0050 50 Looks he not like the King? Mark it, Horatio.
HORATIO
0051 Most like. It ⟨harrows⟩ me with fear and wonder.
BARNARDO
0052 It would be spoke to.
MARCELLUS 0053 Speak to it, Horatio.
HORATIO
0054 What art thou that usurp’st this time of night,
0055 55 Together with that fair and warlike form
0056 In which the majesty of buried Denmark
0057 Did sometimes march? By heaven, I charge thee,
0058 speak.
MARCELLUS
0059 It is offended.
BARNARDO 0060 60 See, it stalks away.
HORATIO
0061 Stay! speak! speak! I charge thee, speak!
Ghost exits.
MARCELLUS 0062 ’Tis gone and will not answer.
BARNARDO
0063 How now, Horatio, you tremble and look pale.
0064 Is not this something more than fantasy?
0065 65 What think you on ’t?
HORATIO
0066 Before my God, I might not this believe
0067 Without the sensible and true avouch
0068 Of mine own eyes.
HORATIO 0070 70As thou art to thyself.
0071 Such was the very armor he had on
0072 When he the ambitious Norway combated.
0073 So frowned he once when, in an angry parle,
0074 He smote the sledded ⌜Polacks⌝ on the ice.
0075 75 ’Tis strange.
MARCELLUS
0076 Thus twice before, and jump at this dead hour,
0077 With martial stalk hath he gone by our watch.
HORATIO
0078 In what particular thought to work I know not,
0079 But in the gross and scope of mine opinion
0080 80 This bodes some strange eruption to our state.
MARCELLUS
0081 Good now, sit down, and tell me, he that knows,
0082 Why this same strict and most observant watch
0083 So nightly toils the subject of the land,
0084 And ⟨why⟩ such daily ⟨cast⟩ of brazen cannon
0085 85 And foreign mart for implements of war,
0086 Why such impress of shipwrights, whose sore task
0087 Does not divide the Sunday from the week.
0088 What might be toward that this sweaty haste
0089 Doth make the night joint laborer with the day?
0090 90 Who is ’t that can inform me?
HORATIO 0091 That can I.
0092 At least the whisper goes so: our last king,
0093 Whose image even but now appeared to us,
0094 Was, as you know, by Fortinbras of Norway,
0095 95 Thereto pricked on by a most emulate pride,
0096 Dared to the combat; in which our valiant Hamlet
0097 (For so this side of our known world esteemed him)
0098 Did slay this Fortinbras, who by a sealed compact,
0099 Well ratified by law and heraldry,
0100 100 Did forfeit, with his life, all ⟨those⟩ his lands
0101 Which he stood seized of, to the conqueror.
0103 Was gagèd by our king, which had ⟨returned⟩
0104 To the inheritance of Fortinbras
0105 105 Had he been vanquisher, as, by the same comart
0106 And carriage of the article ⌜designed,⌝
0107 His fell to Hamlet. Now, sir, young Fortinbras,
0108 Of unimprovèd mettle hot and full,
0109 Hath in the skirts of Norway here and there
0110 110 Sharked up a list of lawless resolutes
0111 For food and diet to some enterprise
0112 That hath a stomach in ’t; which is no other
0113 (As it doth well appear unto our state)
0114 But to recover of us, by strong hand
0115 115 And terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands
0116 So by his father lost. And this, I take it,
0117 Is the main motive of our preparations,
0118 The source of this our watch, and the chief head
0119 Of this posthaste and rummage in the land.
[BARNARDO
0120 120 I think it be no other but e’en so.
0121 Well may it sort that this portentous figure
0122 Comes armèd through our watch so like the king
0123 That was and is the question of these wars.
HORATIO
0124 A mote it is to trouble the mind’s eye.
0125 125 In the most high and palmy state of Rome,
0126 A little ere the mightiest Julius fell,
0127 The graves stood tenantless, and the sheeted dead
0128 Did squeak and gibber in the Roman streets;
0129 As stars with trains of fire and dews of blood,
0130 130 Disasters in the sun; and the moist star,
0131 Upon whose influence Neptune’s empire stands,
0132 Was sick almost to doomsday with eclipse.
0133 And even the like precurse of ⌜feared⌝ events,
0134 As harbingers preceding still the fates
0135 135 And prologue to the omen coming on,
0137 Unto our climatures and countrymen.]
Enter Ghost.
0138 But soft, behold! Lo, where it comes again!
0139 I’ll cross it though it blast me.—Stay, illusion!
It spreads his arms.
0140 140 If thou hast any sound or use of voice,
0141 Speak to me.
0142 If there be any good thing to be done
0143 That may to thee do ease and grace to me,
0144 Speak to me.
0145 145 If thou art privy to thy country’s fate,
0146 Which happily foreknowing may avoid,
0147 O, speak!
0148 Or if thou hast uphoarded in thy life
0149 Extorted treasure in the womb of earth,
0150 150 For which, they say, ⟨you⟩ spirits oft walk in death,
0151 Speak of it.The cock crows.
0152 Stay and speak!—Stop it, Marcellus.
MARCELLUS
0153 Shall I strike it with my partisan?
HORATIO 0154 Do, if it will not stand.
BARNARDO 0155 155’Tis here.
HORATIO 0156 ’Tis here.
⟨Ghost exits.⟩
MARCELLUS 0157 ’Tis gone.
0158 We do it wrong, being so majestical,
0159 To offer it the show of violence,
0160 160 For it is as the air, invulnerable,
0161 And our vain blows malicious mockery.
BARNARDO
0162 It was about to speak when the cock crew.
HORATIO
0163 And then it started like a guilty thing
0164 Upon a fearful summons. I have heard
0166 Doth with his lofty and shrill-sounding throat
0167 Awake the god of day, and at his warning,
0168 Whether in sea or fire, in earth or air,
0169 Th’ extravagant and erring spirit hies
0170 170 To his confine, and of the truth herein
0171 This present object made probation.
MARCELLUS
0172 It faded on the crowing of the cock.
0173 Some say that ever ’gainst that season comes
0174 Wherein our Savior’s birth is celebrated,
0175 175 This bird of dawning singeth all night long;
0176 And then, they say, no spirit dare stir abroad,
0177 The nights are wholesome; then no planets strike,
0178 No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to charm,
0179 So hallowed and so gracious is that time.
HORATIO
0180 180 So have I heard and do in part believe it.
0181 But look, the morn in russet mantle clad
0182 Walks o’er the dew of yon high eastward hill.
0183 Break we our watch up, and by my advice
0184 Let us impart what we have seen tonight
0185 185 Unto young Hamlet; for, upon my life,
0186 This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him.
0187 Do you consent we shall acquaint him with it
0188 As needful in our loves, fitting our duty?
MARCELLUS
0189 Let’s do ’t, I pray, and I this morning know
0190 190 Where we shall find him most convenient.
They exit.
Synopsis:
In an audience chamber in Elsinore, Claudius, the new king of Denmark, holds court. After thanking his courtiers for their recent support, he dispatches ambassadors to Norway to halt a threatened attack from Fortinbras. He gives Laertes permission to return to France but denies Hamlet’s request to return to the university in Wittenberg. Hamlet, mourning for his father’s death, is left alone to vent his despair at what he regards as his mother’s all too hasty marriage to his uncle, Claudius. The audience learns that the marriage took place “within a month” of the former king’s death.
Horatio, Barnardo, and Marcellus arrive and tell Hamlet about the Ghost. Hamlet makes plans to join them that night.
Flourish. Enter Claudius, King of Denmark, Gertrude theQueen, ⌜the⌝ Council, as Polonius, and his son Laertes,
Hamlet, with others, ⌜among them Voltemand and
Cornelius.⌝
KING
0191 Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother’s death
0192 The memory be green, and that it us befitted
0193 To bear our hearts in grief, and our whole kingdom
0194 To be contracted in one brow of woe,
0195 5 Yet so far hath discretion fought with nature
0196 That we with wisest sorrow think on him
0197 Together with remembrance of ourselves.
0198 Therefore our sometime sister, now our queen,
0199 Th’ imperial jointress to this warlike state,
0200 10 Have we (as ’twere with a defeated joy,
0201 With an auspicious and a dropping eye,
0202 With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage,
0203 In equal scale weighing delight and dole)
0204 Taken to wife. Nor have we herein barred
0205 15 Your better wisdoms, which have freely gone
0206 With this affair along. For all, our thanks.
0207 Now follows that you know. Young Fortinbras,
0208 Holding a weak supposal of our worth
0209 Or thinking by our late dear brother’s death
0210 20 Our state to be disjoint and out of frame,
0211 Colleaguèd with this dream of his advantage,
0212 He hath not failed to pester us with message
0213 Importing the surrender of those lands
0214 Lost by his father, with all bonds of law,
0215 25 To our most valiant brother—so much for him.
0216 Now for ourself and for this time of meeting.
0217 Thus much the business is: we have here writ
0218 To Norway, uncle of young Fortinbras,
0219 Who, impotent and bedrid, scarcely hears
0221 His further gait herein, in that the levies,
0222 The lists, and full proportions are all made
0223 Out of his subject; and we here dispatch
0224 You, good Cornelius, and you, Voltemand,
0225 35 For bearers of this greeting to old Norway,
0226 Giving to you no further personal power
0227 To business with the King more than the scope
0228 Of these dilated articles allow.
⌜Giving them a paper.⌝
0229 Farewell, and let your haste commend your duty.
CORNELIUS/VOLTEMAND
0230 40 In that and all things will we show our duty.
KING
0231 We doubt it nothing. Heartily farewell.
⟨Voltemand and Cornelius exit.⟩
0232 And now, Laertes, what’s the news with you?
0233 You told us of some suit. What is ’t, Laertes?
0234 You cannot speak of reason to the Dane
0235 45 And lose your voice. What wouldst thou beg,
0236 Laertes,
0237 That shall not be my offer, not thy asking?
0238 The head is not more native to the heart,
0239 The hand more instrumental to the mouth,
0240 50 Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father.
0241 What wouldst thou have, Laertes?
LAERTES 0242 My dread lord,
0243 Your leave and favor to return to France,
0244 From whence though willingly I came to Denmark
0245 55 To show my duty in your coronation,
0246 Yet now I must confess, that duty done,
0247 My thoughts and wishes bend again toward France
0248 And bow them to your gracious leave and pardon.
KING
0249 Have you your father’s leave? What says Polonius?
0250 60 Hath, my lord, [wrung from me my slow leave
0251 By laborsome petition, and at last
0252 Upon his will I sealed my hard consent.]
0253 I do beseech you give him leave to go.
KING
0254 Take thy fair hour, Laertes. Time be thine,
0255 65 And thy best graces spend it at thy will.—
0256 But now, my cousin Hamlet and my son—
HAMLET, ⌜aside⌝
0257 A little more than kin and less than kind.
KING
0258 How is it that the clouds still hang on you?
HAMLET
0259 Not so, my lord; I am too much in the sun.
QUEEN
0260 70 Good Hamlet, cast thy nighted color off,
0261 And let thine eye look like a friend on Denmark.
0262 Do not forever with thy vailèd lids
0263 Seek for thy noble father in the dust.
0264 Thou know’st ’tis common; all that lives must die,
0265 75 Passing through nature to eternity.
HAMLET
0266 Ay, madam, it is common.
QUEEN 0267 If it be,
0268 Why seems it so particular with thee?
HAMLET
0269 “Seems,” madam? Nay, it is. I know not “seems.”
0270 80 ’Tis not alone my inky cloak, ⟨good⟩ mother,
0271 Nor customary suits of solemn black,
0272 Nor windy suspiration of forced breath,
0273 No, nor the fruitful river in the eye,
0274 Nor the dejected havior of the visage,
0275 85 Together with all forms, moods, ⌜shapes⌝ of grief,
0276 That can ⟨denote⟩ me truly. These indeed “seem,”
0277 For they are actions that a man might play;
0279 These but the trappings and the suits of woe.
KING
0280 90 ’Tis sweet and commendable in your nature,
0281 Hamlet,
0282 To give these mourning duties to your father.
0283 But you must know your father lost a father,
0284 That father lost, lost his, and the survivor bound
0285 95 In filial obligation for some term
0286 To do obsequious sorrow. But to persever
0287 In obstinate condolement is a course
0288 Of impious stubbornness. ’Tis unmanly grief.
0289 It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,
0290 100 A heart unfortified, ⟨a⟩ mind impatient,
0291 An understanding simple and unschooled.
0292 For what we know must be and is as common
0293 As any the most vulgar thing to sense,
0294 Why should we in our peevish opposition
0295 105 Take it to heart? Fie, ’tis a fault to heaven,
0296 A fault against the dead, a fault to nature,
0297 To reason most absurd, whose common theme
0298 Is death of fathers, and who still hath cried,
0299 From the first corse till he that died today,
0300 110 “This must be so.” We pray you, throw to earth
0301 This unprevailing woe and think of us
0302 As of a father; for let the world take note,
0303 You are the most immediate to our throne,
0304 And with no less nobility of love
0305 115 Than that which dearest father bears his son
0306 Do I impart toward you. For your intent
0307 In going back to school in Wittenberg,
0308 It is most retrograde to our desire,
0309 And we beseech you, bend you to remain
0310 120 Here in the cheer and comfort of our eye,
0311 Our chiefest courtier, cousin, and our son.
0312 Let not thy mother lose her prayers, Hamlet.
0313 I pray thee, stay with us. Go not to Wittenberg.
HAMLET
0314 I shall in all my best obey you, madam.
KING
0315 125 Why, ’tis a loving and a fair reply.
0316 Be as ourself in Denmark.—Madam, come.
0317 This gentle and unforced accord of Hamlet
0318 Sits smiling to my heart, in grace whereof
0319 No jocund health that Denmark drinks today
0320 130 But the great cannon to the clouds shall tell,
0321 And the King’s rouse the heaven shall bruit again,
0322 Respeaking earthly thunder. Come away.
Flourish. All but Hamlet exit.
HAMLET
0323 O, that this too, too sullied flesh would melt,
0324 Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,
0325 135 Or that the Everlasting had not fixed
0326 His canon ’gainst ⟨self-slaughter!⟩ O God, God,
0327 How ⟨weary,⟩ stale, flat, and unprofitable
0328 Seem to me all the uses of this world!
0329 Fie on ’t, ah fie! ’Tis an unweeded garden
0330 140 That grows to seed. Things rank and gross in nature
0331 Possess it merely. That it should come ⟨to this:⟩
0332 But two months dead—nay, not so much, not two.
0333 So excellent a king, that was to this
0334 Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother
0335 145 That he might not beteem the winds of heaven
0336 Visit her face too roughly. Heaven and Earth,
0337 Must I remember? Why, she ⟨would⟩ hang on him
0338 As if increase of appetite had grown
0339 By what it fed on. And yet, within a month
0340 150 (Let me not think on ’t; frailty, thy name is woman!),
0341 A little month, or ere those shoes were old
0342 With which she followed my poor father’s body,
0344 (O God, a beast that wants discourse of reason
0345 155 Would have mourned longer!), married with my
0346 uncle,
0347 My father’s brother, but no more like my father
0348 Than I to Hercules. Within a month,
0349 Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears
0350 160 Had left the flushing in her gallèd eyes,
0351 She married. O, most wicked speed, to post
0352 With such dexterity to incestuous sheets!
0353 It is not, nor it cannot come to good.
0354 But break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue.
Enter Horatio, Marcellus, and Barnardo.
HORATIO 0355 165Hail to your Lordship.
HAMLET 0356 I am glad to see you well.
0357 Horatio—or I do forget myself!
HORATIO
0358 The same, my lord, and your poor servant ever.
HAMLET
0359 Sir, my good friend. I’ll change that name with you.
0360 170 And what make you from Wittenberg, Horatio?—
0361 Marcellus?
MARCELLUS 0362 My good lord.
HAMLET
0363 I am very glad to see you. ⌜To Barnardo.⌝ Good
0364 even, sir.—
0365 175 But what, in faith, make you from Wittenberg?
HORATIO
0366 A truant disposition, good my lord.
HAMLET
0367 I would not hear your enemy say so,
0368 Nor shall you do my ear that violence
0369 To make it truster of your own report
0370 180 Against yourself. I know you are no truant.
0371 But what is your affair in Elsinore?
0372 We’ll teach you to drink ⟨deep⟩ ere you depart.
0373 My lord, I came to see your father’s funeral.
HAMLET
0374 I prithee, do not mock me, fellow student.
0375 185 I think it was to ⟨see⟩ my mother’s wedding.
HORATIO
0376 Indeed, my lord, it followed hard upon.
HAMLET
0377 Thrift, thrift, Horatio. The funeral baked meats
0378 Did coldly furnish forth the marriage tables.
0379 Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven
0380 190 Or ever I had seen that day, Horatio!
0381 My father—methinks I see my father.
HORATIO
0382 Where, my lord?
HAMLET 0383 In my mind’s eye, Horatio.
HORATIO
0384 I saw him once. He was a goodly king.
HAMLET
0385 195 He was a man. Take him for all in all,
0386 I shall not look upon his like again.
HORATIO
0387 My lord, I think I saw him yesternight.
HAMLET 0388 Saw who?
HORATIO
0389 My lord, the King your father.
HAMLET 0390 200 The King my father?
HORATIO
0391 Season your admiration for a while
0392 With an attent ear, till I may deliver
0393 Upon the witness of these gentlemen
0394 This marvel to you.
HAMLET 0395 205 For God’s love, let me hear!
HORATIO
0396 Two nights together had these gentlemen,
0397 Marcellus and Barnardo, on their watch,
0399 Been thus encountered: a figure like your father,
0400 210 Armed at point exactly, cap-à-pie,
0401 Appears before them and with solemn march
0402 Goes slow and stately by them. Thrice he walked
0403 By their oppressed and fear-surprisèd eyes
0404 Within his truncheon’s length, whilst they, distilled
0405 215 Almost to jelly with the act of fear,
0406 Stand dumb and speak not to him. This to me
0407 In dreadful secrecy impart they did,
0408 And I with them the third night kept the watch,
0409 ⌜Where, as⌝ they had delivered, both in time,
0410 220 Form of the thing (each word made true and good),
0411 The apparition comes. I knew your father;
0412 These hands are not more like.
HAMLET 0413 But where was this?
MARCELLUS
0414 My lord, upon the platform where we watch.
HAMLET
0415 225 Did you not speak to it?
HORATIO 0416 My lord, I did,
0417 But answer made it none. Yet once methought
0418 It lifted up its head and did address
0419 Itself to motion, like as it would speak;
0420 230 But even then the morning cock crew loud,
0421 And at the sound it shrunk in haste away
0422 And vanished from our sight.
HAMLET 0423 ’Tis very strange.
HORATIO
0424 As I do live, my honored lord, ’tis true.
0425 235 And we did think it writ down in our duty
0426 To let you know of it.
HAMLET 0427 Indeed, sirs, but this troubles me.
0428 Hold you the watch tonight?
ALL 0429 We do, my lord.
HAMLET
0430 240 Armed, say you?
HAMLET 0432 From top to toe?
ALL 0433 My lord, from head to foot.
HAMLET 0434 Then saw you not his face?
HORATIO
0435 245 O, yes, my lord, he wore his beaver up.
HAMLET 0436 What, looked he frowningly?
HORATIO
0437 A countenance more in sorrow than in anger.
HAMLET 0438 Pale or red?
HORATIO
0439 Nay, very pale.
HAMLET 0440 250 And fixed his eyes upon you?
HORATIO
0441 Most constantly.
HAMLET 0442 I would I had been there.
HORATIO 0443 It would have much amazed you.
HAMLET 0444 Very like. Stayed it long?
HORATIO
0445 255 While one with moderate haste might tell a
0446 hundred.
BARNARDO/MARCELLUS 0447 Longer, longer.
HORATIO
0448 Not when I saw ’t.
HAMLET 0449 His beard was grizzled, no?
HORATIO
0450 260 It was as I have seen it in his life,
0451 A sable silvered.
HAMLET 0452 I will watch ⌜tonight.⌝
0453 Perchance ’twill walk again.
HORATIO 0454 I warrant it will.
HAMLET
0455 265 If it assume my noble father’s person,
0456 I’ll speak to it, though hell itself should gape
0457 And bid me hold my peace. I pray you all,
0458 If you have hitherto concealed this sight,
0460 270 And whatsomever else shall hap tonight,
0461 Give it an understanding but no tongue.
0462 I will requite your loves. So fare you well.
0463 Upon the platform, ’twixt eleven and twelve,
0464 I’ll visit you.
ALL 0465 275 Our duty to your Honor.
HAMLET
0466 Your loves, as mine to you. Farewell.
⌜All but Hamlet⌝ exit.
0467 My father’s spirit—in arms! All is not well.
0468 I doubt some foul play. Would the night were come!
0469 Till then, sit still, my soul. ⟨Foul⟩ deeds will rise,
0470 280 Though all the earth o’erwhelm them, to men’s
0471 eyes.
He exits.
Synopsis:
In Polonius’s chambers, Laertes says good-bye to his sister, Ophelia, and tells her not to trust Hamlet’s promises of love. Polonius joins them, sends Laertes off, then echoes Laertes’s warnings to Ophelia, finally ordering her not to see Hamlet again.
Enter Laertes and Ophelia, his sister.LAERTES
0472 My necessaries are embarked. Farewell.
0473 And, sister, as the winds give benefit
0474 And convey ⟨is⟩ assistant, do not sleep,
0475 But let me hear from you.
OPHELIA 0476 5 Do you doubt that?
LAERTES
0477 For Hamlet, and the trifling of his favor,
0478 Hold it a fashion and a toy in blood,
0479 A violet in the youth of primy nature,
0480 Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting,
0481 10 The perfume and suppliance of a minute,
0482 No more.
OPHELIA 0483 No more but so?
LAERTES 0484 Think it no more.
0486 15 In thews and ⟨bulk,⟩ but, as this temple waxes,
0487 The inward service of the mind and soul
0488 Grows wide withal. Perhaps he loves you now,
0489 And now no soil nor cautel doth besmirch
0490 The virtue of his will; but you must fear,
0491 20 His greatness weighed, his will is not his own,
0492 ⟨For he himself is subject to his birth.⟩
0493 He may not, as unvalued persons do,
0494 Carve for himself, for on his choice depends
0495 The safety and ⌜the⌝ health of this whole state.
0496 25 And therefore must his choice be circumscribed
0497 Unto the voice and yielding of that body
0498 Whereof he is the head. Then, if he says he loves
0499 you,
0500 It fits your wisdom so far to believe it
0501 30 As he in his particular act and place
0502 May give his saying deed, which is no further
0503 Than the main voice of Denmark goes withal.
0504 Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain
0505 If with too credent ear you list his songs
0506 35 Or lose your heart or your chaste treasure open
0507 To his unmastered importunity.
0508 Fear it, Ophelia; fear it, my dear sister,
0509 And keep you in the rear of your affection,
0510 Out of the shot and danger of desire.
0511 40 The chariest maid is prodigal enough
0512 If she unmask her beauty to the moon.
0513 Virtue itself ’scapes not calumnious strokes.
0514 The canker galls the infants of the spring
0515 Too oft before their buttons be disclosed,
0516 45 And, in the morn and liquid dew of youth,
0517 Contagious blastments are most imminent.
0518 Be wary, then; best safety lies in fear.
0519 Youth to itself rebels, though none else near.
OPHELIA
0520 I shall the effect of this good lesson keep
0522 Do not, as some ungracious pastors do,
0523 Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven,
0524 Whiles, ⟨like⟩ a puffed and reckless libertine,
0525 Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads
0526 55 And recks not his own rede.
LAERTES 0527 O, fear me not.
Enter Polonius.
0528 I stay too long. But here my father comes.
0529 A double blessing is a double grace.
0530 Occasion smiles upon a second leave.
POLONIUS
0531 60 Yet here, Laertes? Aboard, aboard, for shame!
0532 The wind sits in the shoulder of your sail,
0533 And you are stayed for. There, my blessing with
0534 thee.
0535 And these few precepts in thy memory
0536 65 Look thou character. Give thy thoughts no tongue,
0537 Nor any unproportioned thought his act.
0538 Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar.
0539 Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried,
0540 Grapple them unto thy soul with hoops of steel,
0541 70 But do not dull thy palm with entertainment
0542 Of each new-hatched, unfledged courage. Beware
0543 Of entrance to a quarrel, but, being in,
0544 Bear ’t that th’ opposèd may beware of thee.
0545 Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice.
0546 75 Take each man’s censure, but reserve thy judgment.
0547 Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy,
0548 But not expressed in fancy (rich, not gaudy),
0549 For the apparel oft proclaims the man,
0550 And they in France of the best rank and station
0551 80 ⟨Are⟩ of a most select and generous chief in that.
0552 Neither a borrower nor a lender ⟨be,⟩
0553 For ⟨loan⟩ oft loses both itself and friend,
0555 This above all: to thine own self be true,
0556 85 And it must follow, as the night the day,
0557 Thou canst not then be false to any man.
0558 Farewell. My blessing season this in thee.
LAERTES
0559 Most humbly do I take my leave, my lord.
POLONIUS
0560 The time invests you. Go, your servants tend.
LAERTES
0561 90 Farewell, Ophelia, and remember well
0562 What I have said to you.
OPHELIA 0563 ’Tis in my memory locked,
0564 And you yourself shall keep the key of it.
LAERTES 0565 Farewell.Laertes exits.
POLONIUS
0566 95 What is ’t, Ophelia, he hath said to you?
OPHELIA
0567 So please you, something touching the Lord
0568 Hamlet.
POLONIUS 0569 Marry, well bethought.
0570 ’Tis told me he hath very oft of late
0571 100 Given private time to you, and you yourself
0572 Have of your audience been most free and
0573 bounteous.
0574 If it be so (as so ’tis put on me,
0575 And that in way of caution), I must tell you
0576 105 You do not understand yourself so clearly
0577 As it behooves my daughter and your honor.
0578 What is between you? Give me up the truth.
OPHELIA
0579 He hath, my lord, of late made many tenders
0580 Of his affection to me.
POLONIUS
0581 110 Affection, puh! You speak like a green girl
0582 Unsifted in such perilous circumstance.
0583 Do you believe his “tenders,” as you call them?
0584 I do not know, my lord, what I should think.
POLONIUS
0585 Marry, I will teach you. Think yourself a baby
0586 115 That you have ta’en these tenders for true pay,
0587 Which are not sterling. Tender yourself more dearly,
0588 Or (not to crack the wind of the poor phrase,
0589 ⌜Running⌝ it thus) you’ll tender me a fool.
OPHELIA
0590 My lord, he hath importuned me with love
0591 120 In honorable fashion—
POLONIUS
0592 Ay, “fashion” you may call it. Go to, go to!
OPHELIA
0593 And hath given countenance to his speech, my lord,
0594 With almost all the holy vows of heaven.
POLONIUS
0595 Ay, ⟨springes⟩ to catch woodcocks. I do know,
0596 125 When the blood burns, how prodigal the soul
0597 Lends the tongue vows. These blazes, daughter,
0598 Giving more light than heat, extinct in both
0599 Even in their promise as it is a-making,
0600 You must not take for fire. From this time
0601 130 Be something scanter of your maiden presence.
0602 Set your entreatments at a higher rate
0603 Than a command to parle. For Lord Hamlet,
0604 Believe so much in him that he is young,
0605 And with a larger ⟨tether⟩ may he walk
0606 135 Than may be given you. In few, Ophelia,
0607 Do not believe his vows, for they are brokers,
0608 Not of that dye which their investments show,
0609 But mere ⟨implorators⟩ of unholy suits,
0610 Breathing like sanctified and pious ⌜bawds⌝
0611 140 The better to ⟨beguile.⟩ This is for all:
0612 I would not, in plain terms, from this time forth
0613 Have you so slander any moment leisure
0615 Look to ’t, I charge you. Come your ways.
OPHELIA 0616 145I shall obey, my lord.
They exit.
Synopsis:
While Claudius drinks away the night, Hamlet, Horatio, and Marcellus are visited by the Ghost. It signals to Hamlet. Hamlet’s friends try to stop his following the Ghost, but Hamlet will not be held back.
Enter Hamlet, Horatio, and Marcellus.HAMLET
0617 The air bites shrewdly; it is very cold.
HORATIO
0618 It is ⟨a⟩ nipping and an eager air.
HAMLET 0619 What hour now?
HORATIO 0620 I think it lacks of twelve.
MARCELLUS 0621 5No, it is struck.
HORATIO
0622 Indeed, I heard it not. It then draws near the season
0623 Wherein the spirit held his wont to walk.
A flourish of trumpets and two pieces goes off.
0624 What does this mean, my lord?
HAMLET
0625 The King doth wake tonight and takes his rouse,
0626 10 Keeps wassail, and the swagg’ring upspring reels;
0627 And, as he drains his draughts of Rhenish down,
0628 The kettledrum and trumpet thus bray out
0629 The triumph of his pledge.
HORATIO 0630 Is it a custom?
HAMLET 0631 15Ay, marry, is ’t,
0632 But, to my mind, though I am native here
0633 And to the manner born, it is a custom
0634 More honored in the breach than the observance.
0635 [This heavy-headed ⌜revel⌝ east and west
0636 20 Makes us traduced and taxed of other nations.
0637 They clepe us drunkards and with swinish phrase
0638 Soil our addition. And, indeed, it takes
0640 height,
0641 25 The pith and marrow of our attribute.
0642 So oft it chances in particular men
0643 That for some vicious mole of nature in them,
0644 As in their birth (wherein they are not guilty,
0645 Since nature cannot choose his origin),
0646 30 By ⌜the⌝ o’ergrowth of some complexion
0647 (Oft breaking down the pales and forts of reason),
0648 Or by some habit that too much o’erleavens
0649 The form of plausive manners—that these men,
0650 Carrying, I say, the stamp of one defect,
0651 35 Being nature’s livery or fortune’s star,
0652 His virtues else, be they as pure as grace,
0653 As infinite as man may undergo,
0654 Shall in the general censure take corruption
0655 From that particular fault. The dram of ⌜evil⌝
0656 40 Doth all the noble substance of a doubt
0657 To his own scandal.]
Enter Ghost.
HORATIO 0658 Look, my lord, it comes.
HAMLET
0659 Angels and ministers of grace, defend us!
0660 Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damned,
0661 45 Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from
0662 hell,
0663 Be thy intents wicked or charitable,
0664 Thou com’st in such a questionable shape
0665 That I will speak to thee. I’ll call thee “Hamlet,”
0666 50 “King,” “Father,” “Royal Dane.” O, answer me!
0667 Let me not burst in ignorance, but tell
0668 Why thy canonized bones, hearsèd in death,
0669 Have burst their cerements; why the sepulcher,
0670 Wherein we saw thee quietly interred,
0671 55 Hath oped his ponderous and marble jaws
0673 That thou, dead corse, again in complete steel,
0674 Revisits thus the glimpses of the moon,
0675 Making night hideous, and we fools of nature
0676 60 So horridly to shake our disposition
0677 With thoughts beyond the reaches of our souls?
0678 Say, why is this? Wherefore? What should we do?
⟨Ghost⟩ beckons.
HORATIO
0679 It beckons you to go away with it
0680 As if it some impartment did desire
0681 65 To you alone.
MARCELLUS 0682 Look with what courteous action
0683 It waves you to a more removèd ground.
0684 But do not go with it.
HORATIO 0685 No, by no means.
HAMLET
0686 70 It will not speak. Then I will follow it.
HORATIO
0687 Do not, my lord.
HAMLET 0688 Why, what should be the fear?
0689 I do not set my life at a pin’s fee.
0690 And for my soul, what can it do to that,
0691 75 Being a thing immortal as itself?
0692 It waves me forth again. I’ll follow it.
HORATIO
0693 What if it tempt you toward the flood, my lord?
0694 Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff
0695 That beetles o’er his base into the sea,
0696 80 And there assume some other horrible form
0697 Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason
0698 And draw you into madness? Think of it.
0699 [The very place puts toys of desperation,
0700 Without more motive, into every brain
0701 85 That looks so many fathoms to the sea
0702 And hears it roar beneath.]
0703 It waves me still.—Go on, I’ll follow thee.
MARCELLUS
0704 You shall not go, my lord.⌜They hold back Hamlet.⌝
HAMLET 0705 Hold off your hands.
HORATIO
0706 90 Be ruled. You shall not go.
HAMLET 0707 My fate cries out
0708 And makes each petty arture in this body
0709 As hardy as the Nemean lion’s nerve.
0710 Still am I called. Unhand me, gentlemen.
0711 95 By heaven, I’ll make a ghost of him that lets me!
0712 I say, away!—Go on. I’ll follow thee.
Ghost and Hamlet exit.
HORATIO
0713 He waxes desperate with imagination.
MARCELLUS
0714 Let’s follow. ’Tis not fit thus to obey him.
HORATIO
0715 Have after. To what issue will this come?
MARCELLUS
0716 100 Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.
HORATIO
0717 Heaven will direct it.
MARCELLUS 0718 Nay, let’s follow him.
They exit.
Synopsis:
The Ghost tells Hamlet a tale of horror. Saying that he is the spirit of Hamlet’s father, he demands that Hamlet avenge King Hamlet’s murder at the hands of Claudius. Hamlet, horrified, vows to “remember” and swears his friends to secrecy about what they have seen.
Enter Ghost and Hamlet.HAMLET
0719 Whither wilt thou lead me? Speak. I’ll go no
0720 further.
GHOST
0721 Mark me.
GHOST 0723 5 My hour is almost come
0724 When I to sulf’rous and tormenting flames
0725 Must render up myself.
HAMLET 0726 Alas, poor ghost!
GHOST
0727 Pity me not, but lend thy serious hearing
0728 10 To what I shall unfold.
HAMLET 0729 Speak. I am bound to hear.
GHOST
0730 So art thou to revenge, when thou shalt hear.
HAMLET 0731 What?
GHOST 0732 I am thy father’s spirit,
0733 15 Doomed for a certain term to walk the night
0734 And for the day confined to fast in fires
0735 Till the foul crimes done in my days of nature
0736 Are burnt and purged away. But that I am forbid
0737 To tell the secrets of my prison house,
0738 20 I could a tale unfold whose lightest word
0739 Would harrow up thy soul, freeze thy young blood,
0740 Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their
0741 spheres,
0742 Thy knotted and combinèd locks to part,
0743 25 And each particular hair to stand an end,
0744 Like quills upon the fearful porpentine.
0745 But this eternal blazon must not be
0746 To ears of flesh and blood. List, list, O list!
0747 If thou didst ever thy dear father love—
HAMLET 0748 30O God!
GHOST
0749 Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder.
HAMLET 0750 Murder?
GHOST
0751 Murder most foul, as in the best it is,
0752 But this most foul, strange, and unnatural.
HAMLET
0753 35 Haste me to know ’t, that I, with wings as swift
0755 May sweep to my revenge.
GHOST 0756 I find thee apt;
0757 And duller shouldst thou be than the fat weed
0758 40 That roots itself in ease on Lethe wharf,
0759 Wouldst thou not stir in this. Now, Hamlet, hear.
0760 ’Tis given out that, sleeping in my orchard,
0761 A serpent stung me. So the whole ear of Denmark
0762 Is by a forgèd process of my death
0763 45 Rankly abused. But know, thou noble youth,
0764 The serpent that did sting thy father’s life
0765 Now wears his crown.
HAMLET 0766 O, my prophetic soul! My uncle!
GHOST
0767 Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast,
0768 50 With witchcraft of his wits, with traitorous gifts—
0769 O wicked wit and gifts, that have the power
0770 So to seduce!—won to his shameful lust
0771 The will of my most seeming-virtuous queen.
0772 O Hamlet, what ⟨a⟩ falling off was there!
0773 55 From me, whose love was of that dignity
0774 That it went hand in hand even with the vow
0775 I made to her in marriage, and to decline
0776 Upon a wretch whose natural gifts were poor
0777 To those of mine.
0778 60 But virtue, as it never will be moved,
0779 Though lewdness court it in a shape of heaven,
0780 So, ⟨lust,⟩ though to a radiant angel linked,
0781 Will ⟨sate⟩ itself in a celestial bed
0782 And prey on garbage.
0783 65 But soft, methinks I scent the morning air.
0784 Brief let me be. Sleeping within my orchard,
0785 My custom always of the afternoon,
0786 Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole
0787 With juice of cursèd hebona in a vial
0788 70 And in the porches of my ears did pour
0790 Holds such an enmity with blood of man
0791 That swift as quicksilver it courses through
0792 The natural gates and alleys of the body,
0793 75 And with a sudden vigor it doth ⟨posset⟩
0794 And curd, like eager droppings into milk,
0795 The thin and wholesome blood. So did it mine,
0796 And a most instant tetter barked about,
0797 Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust
0798 80 All my smooth body.
0799 Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother’s hand
0800 Of life, of crown, of queen at once dispatched,
0801 Cut off, even in the blossoms of my sin,
0802 Unhouseled, disappointed, unaneled,
0803 85 No reck’ning made, but sent to my account
0804 With all my imperfections on my head.
0805 O horrible, O horrible, most horrible!
0806 If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not.
0807 Let not the royal bed of Denmark be
0808 90 A couch for luxury and damnèd incest.
0809 But, howsomever thou pursues this act,
0810 Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive
0811 Against thy mother aught. Leave her to heaven
0812 And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge
0813 95 To prick and sting her. Fare thee well at once.
0814 The glowworm shows the matin to be near
0815 And ’gins to pale his uneffectual fire.
0816 Adieu, adieu, adieu. Remember me.⟨He exits.⟩
HAMLET
0817 O all you host of heaven! O Earth! What else?
0818 100 And shall I couple hell? O fie! Hold, hold, my heart,
0819 And you, my sinews, grow not instant old,
0820 But bear me ⟨stiffly⟩ up. Remember thee?
0821 Ay, thou poor ghost, whiles memory holds a seat
0822 In this distracted globe. Remember thee?
0823 105 Yea, from the table of my memory
0825 All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past,
0826 That youth and observation copied there,
0827 And thy commandment all alone shall live
0828 110 Within the book and volume of my brain,
0829 Unmixed with baser matter. Yes, by heaven!
0830 O most pernicious woman!
0831 O villain, villain, smiling, damnèd villain!
0832 My tables—meet it is I set it down
0833 115 That one may smile and smile and be a villain.
0834 At least I am sure it may be so in Denmark.
⌜He writes.⌝
0835 So, uncle, there you are. Now to my word.
0836 It is “adieu, adieu, remember me.”
0837 I have sworn ’t.
Enter Horatio and Marcellus.
HORATIO 0838 120My lord, my lord!
MARCELLUS 0839 Lord Hamlet.
HORATIO 0840 Heavens secure him!
HAMLET 0841 So be it.
MARCELLUS 0842 Illo, ho, ho, my lord!
HAMLET 0843 125Hillo, ho, ho, boy! Come, ⟨bird,⟩ come!
MARCELLUS
0844 How is ’t, my noble lord?
HORATIO 0845 What news, my lord?
HAMLET 0846 O, wonderful!
HORATIO
0847 Good my lord, tell it.
HAMLET 0848 130 No, you will reveal it.
HORATIO
0849 Not I, my lord, by heaven.
MARCELLUS 0850 Nor I, my lord.
HAMLET
0851 How say you, then? Would heart of man once think
0852 it?
0853 135 But you’ll be secret?
HAMLET
0855 There’s never a villain dwelling in all Denmark
0856 But he’s an arrant knave.
HORATIO
0857 There needs no ghost, my lord, come from the grave
0858 140 To tell us this.
HAMLET 0859 Why, right, you are in the right.
0860 And so, without more circumstance at all,
0861 I hold it fit that we shake hands and part,
0862 You, as your business and desire shall point you
0863 145 (For every man hath business and desire,
0864 Such as it is), and for my own poor part,
0865 I will go pray.
HORATIO
0866 These are but wild and whirling words, my lord.
HAMLET
0867 I am sorry they offend you, heartily;
0868 150 Yes, faith, heartily.
HORATIO 0869 There’s no offense, my lord.
HAMLET
0870 Yes, by Saint Patrick, but there is, Horatio,
0871 And much offense, too. Touching this vision here,
0872 It is an honest ghost—that let me tell you.
0873 155 For your desire to know what is between us,
0874 O’ermaster ’t as you may. And now, good friends,
0875 As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,
0876 Give me one poor request.
HORATIO 0877 What is ’t, my lord? We will.
HAMLET
0878 160 Never make known what you have seen tonight.
HORATIO/MARCELLUS 0879 My lord, we will not.
HAMLET 0880 Nay, but swear ’t.
HORATIO 0881 In faith, my lord, not I.
MARCELLUS 0882 Nor I, my lord, in faith.
HAMLET
0883 165 Upon my sword.
HAMLET 0885 Indeed, upon my sword, indeed.
GHOST cries under the stage 0886 Swear.
HAMLET
0887 Ha, ha, boy, sayst thou so? Art thou there,
0888 170 truepenny?
0889 Come on, you hear this fellow in the cellarage.
0890 Consent to swear.
HORATIO 0891 Propose the oath, my lord.
HAMLET
0892 Never to speak of this that you have seen,
0893 175 Swear by my sword.
GHOST, ⌜beneath⌝ 0894 Swear.
HAMLET
0895 Hic et ubique? Then we’ll shift our ground.
0896 Come hither, gentlemen,
0897 And lay your hands again upon my sword.
0898 180 Swear by my sword
0899 Never to speak of this that you have heard.
GHOST, ⌜beneath⌝ 0900 Swear by his sword.
HAMLET
0901 Well said, old mole. Canst work i’ th’ earth so fast?—
0902 A worthy pioner! Once more remove, good friends.
HORATIO
0903 185 O day and night, but this is wondrous strange.
HAMLET
0904 And therefore as a stranger give it welcome.
0905 There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio,
0906 Than are dreamt of in your philosophy. But come.
0907 Here, as before, never, so help you mercy,
0908 190 How strange or odd some’er I bear myself
0909 (As I perchance hereafter shall think meet
0910 To put an antic disposition on)
0911 That you, at such times seeing me, never shall,
0912 With arms encumbered thus, or this headshake,
0913 195 Or by pronouncing of some doubtful phrase,
0915 would,”
0916 Or “If we list to speak,” or “There be an if they
0917 might,”
0918 200 Or such ambiguous giving-out, to note
0919 That you know aught of me—this do swear,
0920 So grace and mercy at your most need help you.
GHOST, ⌜beneath⌝ 0921 Swear.
HAMLET
0922 Rest, rest, perturbèd spirit.—So, gentlemen,
0923 205 With all my love I do commend me to you,
0924 And what so poor a man as Hamlet is
0925 May do t’ express his love and friending to you,
0926 God willing, shall not lack. Let us go in together,
0927 And still your fingers on your lips, I pray.
0928 210 The time is out of joint. O cursèd spite
0929 That ever I was born to set it right!
0930 Nay, come, let’s go together.
They exit.